Keys and scales
The major scale
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The major scale
Play from C to C on the white keys and you have a major scale: whole, whole, half, whole, whole, whole, half. That pattern is what makes it sound major, not the notes themselves — start anywhere and keep the pattern and you get the same brightness in a different place.
The What the marks mean names the marks themselves, and the Little tools are there when you want to try something out.